Tuesday, 24 September 2013

Scientists track the genes behind hearing loss




Scientists track the genes behind hearing loss


Credit: Shutterstock


Tens of millions of Europeans suffer from a hearing impairment of some degree. They range from the one child in 1,000 who is born deaf, to the many whose hearing is declining as they grow older.


The EU project EUROHEAR ('Advances in hearing science: from to therapies') set out to expand medical understanding of hearing loss and treatment.


One in three people over the age of 65 experience hearing loss that is serious enough to hinder normal conversation. While there is no cure for most forms of hearing impairment, prostheses such as and can help to improve hearing in many cases.


The research team's goals were: to identify the genes involved in both early-and late-onset hearing impairment; to understand the mechanisms behind both normal and impaired hearing; and to develop tools to prevent and cure hearing impairment.


Research carried out by the project, which was led by France's Institute of Health and Medical Research, focussed primarily on the cochlea, a tightly coiled structure that lies deep in the inner ear.


The cochlea contains thousands of sensory 'hair cells', responsible for converting sounds into electrical signals that are then sent along nerve cells to the brain. People are born with a certain number of hair cells and once they lose them they no longer have the capacity to develop new ones.


Thanks to the work of EUROHEAR's researchers, we now have a better understanding of how these hair cells operate and the specific mechanisms involved in turning sounds into .


In total, the team discovered 12 new genes for deafness, most of which affect the cochlea. One of the genes, however, causes a defect in of the central nervous systems that are responsible for processing the information coming from the cochlea.


Researchers also developed diagnostic tools to identify which genetic mutation is causing a patient's hearing problems. This is important because it can help doctors decide if a deaf child will benefit from a cochlear implant. For a cochlear implant to work, the auditory nerve must be intact, so if a patient has a mutation that affects only the , he or she will likely benefit from a cochlear implant.


With the completion of EUROHEAR's work in November 2009, a wealth of new information on the genetics behind was made available, advancing medical knowledge on causes, diagnosis and potential treatments.


The project's consortium included universities and medical research laboratories in 10 EU countries, Israel and Tunisia. EUROHEAR received EUR 12.5 million in funding from the EU.



More information: Project factsheet cordis.europa.eu/projects/rcn/75689_en.html


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Scientists track the genes behind hearing loss


Credit: Shutterstock


Tens of millions of Europeans suffer from a hearing impairment of some degree. They range from the one child in 1,000 who is born deaf, to the many whose hearing is declining as they grow older.


The EU project EUROHEAR ('Advances in hearing science: from to therapies') set out to expand medical understanding of hearing loss and treatment.


One in three people over the age of 65 experience hearing loss that is serious enough to hinder normal conversation. While there is no cure for most forms of hearing impairment, prostheses such as and can help to improve hearing in many cases.


The research team's goals were: to identify the genes involved in both early-and late-onset hearing impairment; to understand the mechanisms behind both normal and impaired hearing; and to develop tools to prevent and cure hearing impairment.


Research carried out by the project, which was led by France's Institute of Health and Medical Research, focussed primarily on the cochlea, a tightly coiled structure that lies deep in the inner ear.


The cochlea contains thousands of sensory 'hair cells', responsible for converting sounds into electrical signals that are then sent along nerve cells to the brain. People are born with a certain number of hair cells and once they lose them they no longer have the capacity to develop new ones.


Thanks to the work of EUROHEAR's researchers, we now have a better understanding of how these hair cells operate and the specific mechanisms involved in turning sounds into .


In total, the team discovered 12 new genes for deafness, most of which affect the cochlea. One of the genes, however, causes a defect in of the central nervous systems that are responsible for processing the information coming from the cochlea.


Researchers also developed diagnostic tools to identify which genetic mutation is causing a patient's hearing problems. This is important because it can help doctors decide if a deaf child will benefit from a cochlear implant. For a cochlear implant to work, the auditory nerve must be intact, so if a patient has a mutation that affects only the , he or she will likely benefit from a cochlear implant.


With the completion of EUROHEAR's work in November 2009, a wealth of new information on the genetics behind was made available, advancing medical knowledge on causes, diagnosis and potential treatments.


The project's consortium included universities and medical research laboratories in 10 EU countries, Israel and Tunisia. EUROHEAR received EUR 12.5 million in funding from the EU.



More information: Project factsheet cordis.europa.eu/projects/rcn/75689_en.html


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Aug 20, 2013



A healthy ear is much better at detecting and transmitting sound than even the most advanced hearing aid. But now researchers reporting in the August 20 issue of the Biophysical Journal, a Cell Press public ...



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Sep 17, 2013



Researchers from the Eaton-Peabody Laboratories of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School have created a new mouse model in which by expressing a gene in the inner ear hair cells—the sensory cells that ...



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Feb 27, 2013



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Hearing loss is a significant public health problem affecting close to 50 million people in the United States alone. Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common form and is caused by the loss of sensory ...



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